Turn Up 2 Law and Ethics Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• If you observe a fellow physician coming to work impaired with no patient harm yet, what is the benefit of reporting them, and can the physician return to practice after rehabilitation?
• What is the breaking of a law, obligation, or duty?
• Which ethical framework seeks to maximize happiness, often described as the greatest good for the greatest number?
• Can a person be compelled to donate an organ or tissue if they do not want to?
• Which legal concept describes negligent conduct by a physician toward an established patient resulting in direct harm?
• A patient requests access to their medical records in writing. Within how many days should the facility respond to the request?
• Treating a patient without consent is legally equivalent to what?
• What do you need in order to transfer health information of a patient to another health-care provider?
• Who has the ultimate right to access a patient's health information?
• How long should patients with tuberculosis be isolated?
• A 36-week pregnant patient with placental abruption is recommended to have a C-section, but she refuses. What is the next best step?
• Which term refers to a risk that a physician knows or ought to know would be significant to the patient in deciding whether to undergo treatment?
• What is the process of asking a higher court to review the record of the trial court to see whether a reversible error has been committed?
• Before performing an HIV test, what must be obtained from the patient?
• Regarding informed consent, should a physician discuss both the benefits and the potential consequences of not receiving therapy?
• Which body of law is created by statutes and regulations rather than judges' decisions?
• Is it legal and ethical for students to practice medical procedures on recently deceased patients?
• Medical information such as a biopsy result must go to who first?
• Which term describes intentional failure to meet obligations toward a patient?
• Which ethical principle is primarily concerned with the distribution of goods and services in a community?
• When is it okay to break patient confidentiality?
• Which of the following is a sign evaluated in brain death?
• Can a physician ethically participate in executions in prisons?
• What is the primary purpose of a health-care proxy?
• What is any application for a court order that can be made during any stage of the litigation process called?
• What term refers to a sum of money awarded to a person who has suffered a loss or injury?
• Substituted judgement occurs when a person who knows the patient well tries to determine what decision she would make for herself if she were awake.
• Which statement about sterilization consent is true?
• Which term refers to guardianship where a person may control the finances of an incompetent person?
• Does pregnancy automatically emancipate a minor in medical decision-making?
• What is the relationship in which one person acts on behalf of another with the authority of the latter, binding the principal?
• Can a parent refuse life-saving treatment for their child based on religious belief?
• Which ethical principle explains that the mother's autonomy outweighs the fetus's well-being in such cases?
• What gifts are acceptable from a pharmaceutical company?
• Which statute prohibits paying medical professionals solely to endorse and promote medical devices and supplies?
• A patient with syphilis refuses to tell his pregnant wife about his condition. What is the appropriate initial action for the physician?
• Regarding reporting physicians or students, to whom should concerns be reported first?
• What is the presumption that an injury would not normally occur in the absence of negligence when the cause was under the exclusive control of the defendant?
• Which list contains the four elements necessary to prove negligence in a medical malpractice claim?
• If a patient has an advance directive, health care providers should:
• If an HIV-positive patient is unwilling to notify their partner and is unwilling to talk to the health department, what should you do next?
• When addressing spousal abuse and the victim does not wish to report, what is the recommended approach?
• Which of the following would be considered an emancipated minor criterion?
• Which term refers to a tort involving the publication of private facts?
• Are military physicians allowed to participate in torture?
• If you suspect a physician is impaired, which action should you take first?
• In physician-assisted suicide, does the physician personally administer the life-ending medication?
• What term describes the unilateral, unlawful termination of the physician-patient relationship by the physician?
• Which term refers to the obligation of care owed by one person to another?
• If a physician suspects a visually impaired patient is driving unsafely, what is the appropriate action?
• Can consent be obtained by a family member, health-care proxy, or other valid surrogate decision maker over the phone?
• Which principle might be concerned with how many financial resources are used in an emergency department to treat critical care patients versus preventive care programs?
• Whose autonomy has legal priority in decision-making when the mother's choice could affect the fetus's well-being?
• In a scenario where a stuporous patient admits to drug use and the physician allows him to drive home, later dying in a crash, which legal principle explains the physician's liability?
• When is consent implied?
• Which doctrine assigns liability to the borrowing employer for the actions of a temporarily loaned employee?
• Six months after starting dialysis, a patient states he does not wish to continue. He has full capacity to understand the implications of this decision. What should you do?
• Which term refers to payment after service performed by a payer?
• Which term describes a relationship where one party can bind another by acting within the scope of authority?
• Consent to treatment is required to avoid which legal concept?
• Which term describes a form of vicarious liability where the employer is liable for the negligence of its employees for actions occurring in the course of employment?
• What doctrine states that in the operating room, the surgeon is in complete charge of those present and assisting until the operation concludes?
• Do you report a gunshot wound even if the victim objects?
• What is the legal process of seeking review by a higher court to examine trial proceedings for reversible errors?
• Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1976) established the duty to:
• Which safeguarding step is appropriate when telephonic consent is used and a health-care worker is uncomfortable taking it?
• What term refers to any intentional or wrongful physical contact with a person without consent?
• In malpractice, what term denotes the breach of the standard of care?
• Does implied consent apply to a terminally ill patient with a pre-existing DNR order?
• Which doctrine addresses liability in product-related injuries without proving fault by the defendant?
• Which ethical obligation is the duty to avoid causing harm to patients?
• If a third party asks for a patient's genetic information, should you disclose it?
• Who should you report physicians and student-in-training to first?
• Which term is used to describe a formal request made to the court for an order or ruling during litigation?
• If a patient asks about your level of experience prior to a procedure, do you have to answer honestly in order for informed consent to be obtained?
• Does an HIV-positive health-care worker have a duty to inform patients of their HIV status?
• Which term describes a partnership as a form of business arrangement?
• Is it ethically acceptable to receive payment for organs?
• Which scenario demonstrates a breach of patient confidentiality?
• With a Do Not Resuscitate order, can a patient be ventilated or intubated, and under what condition would intubation not be performed?
• Which concept describes being liable for someone else's actions?
• Who can determine a patient’s capacity?
• Which term describes the principle that focuses on distributing benefits and burdens fairly among all participants in a system?
• Euthanasia is permissible in the United States.
• Which document notifies a defendant that a suit has been filed and demands appearance to avoid default judgment?
• Which document is a sworn written statement used as evidence?
• In cases where an HIV-positive patient refuses to notify the partner and refuses involvement with the health department, what is the ethically appropriate next step for the clinician?
• Which organization is involved with combatting fraud and abuse in health insurance and healthcare delivery?
• Do physicians have the right to remove or suspend driving privileges?
• Under the Doctrine of Double Effect, which statement best captures the ethical aim that justifies administering treatment that may hasten death?
• After an inmate is executed, which statement about a physician's involvement is correct?
• Is parental consent necessary to obtain contraception?
• Which of the following is NOT a criterion for emancipated minor?
• If a patient will not disclose a reportable disease to their partner, what is the appropriate action for the clinician?
• Laws enacted by state or federal bodies as contrasted with common law are called what?
• Which term describes defamation that is communicated orally rather than in writing?
• Until what point can a woman have unrestricted access to abortion?
• What term describes taking advantage of a position of power over another person, compromising their interests?
• What must be included in informed consent discussions?
• If a physician's actions differ from local accepted practice and cause harm, is malpractice applicable, and does intent matter?
• Which organization accredits physicians and medical groups to improve care quality?
• What does "durable" mean in the context of a durable power of attorney for health-care decisions?
• Which concept entails respecting a patient’s right to make decisions about their own treatment?
• What must you do prior to undergoing a procedure?
• Fertilized eggs can be donated, but not sold. Which statement best describes their status?
• If a patient is brain dead, does the physician need a court order or a relative's permission to remove life support?
• What is the role of a guardian ad litem in legal proceedings involving medical decisions?
• If a patient has stated a wish to remove life-sustaining treatment, and family requests continuing care, what is the physician's course of action?
• What is implied in life-threatening emergencies when parental consent is not available?
• Which ethical principle is violated when a surgeon performs surgery without the patient's direct consent?
• Is it permissible to mandate HIV testing on a pregnant woman without her express consent?
• Which term describes a preventable error in patient care that results in harm?
• In obstetric care, when a competent patient refuses a life-saving intervention, what approach aligns with the guidance?
• Do patients have the right to try therapy for a while and then stop it if it does not suit them?
• Which entity is typically responsible for disciplining physicians who are impaired in private practice?
• Which service for a minor typically does not require parental consent?
• Which disease allows the health department to incarcerate patients to prevent the spread of the disease?
• Tarasoff duties require clinicians to warn which group if a patient poses a risk?
• The advance directive is part of which concept in patient care?
• In medical ethics, autonomy refers to which principle?
• Can you report spousal abuse without the expressed consent of the victim?
• Which statement best captures the intent behind the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute?
• If a parent is not present during a life-threatening accident of a minor, should the physician withhold blood or surgery?
• In medical decision-making, whose autonomy generally prevails when a mother's decision could affect the fetus?
• Is organ donation from a brain-dead patient permissible?
• Which court case involved a physician found guilty of failing to obtain informed consent by not divulging the full extent of his experience after the patient asked specifically?
• Is paternal consent required for an abortion?
• In the standard surrogate decision-maker hierarchy, which group is third in the ranking from most to least important?
• Which term describes payment to a physician after a service is rendered, based on the service performed?
• Is it legal and ethical for physicians to refuse new patients in underserved areas?
• Which term refers to relieving discomfort without addressing the underlying cause?
• What distinguishes Palliation from the Doctrine of Double Effect?
• What does the Good Samaritan Act provide?
• What term describes the method by which a patient communicates his/her health care wishes in advance of becoming unable to make decisions?
• Which impairment type is listed as something that should be reported?
• An HIV-positive Jehovah's Witness who is pregnant needs a transfusion to live and have a healthy baby. She categorically refuses. She is not depressed and is fully alert. What do you tell her?
• What is the main purpose of an advance directive?
• Which form of defamation involves oral statements?
• Autonomy is equivalent to which legal concept?
• Which doctrine states that an employer may be held responsible for the acts of an employee performed within the scope of employment?
• What term describes providing a medical treatment that has no reasonable chance of benefit to the patient?
• Who is authorized to obtain consent for organ donation?
• Susan is a 40-year-old patient treated for primary syphilis who asks that her diagnosis remain confidential. What should you tell her about notifying sexual partners?
• Which term describes the unilateral termination of the physician-patient relationship by the physician without proper justification?
• Automatic HIV testing cannot be mandated without the patient's specific authorization to test for HIV.
• Which payment arrangement is described by a group of physicians contracted with an HMO who is paid a flat fee per member per month?
• What two criteria are typically considered necessary to establish malpractice liability?
• If an investigator asks about the immigration status, what should you tell them?
• Which term describes an obligation one is bound by law to perform or conditions making one responsible for any loss or damage that occurs?
• Can a physician force-feed tuberculosis medication to a noncompliant patient?
• A 16-year-old girl in her first trimester seeks an abortion. What is the recommended approach regarding parental involvement?
• Which organization can you contact to determine if a physician has been named in a malpractice action in the past?
• Which tort involves the public disclosure of private facts about the plaintiff?
• To whom should you report an attending physician who is self-employed in private practice and coming to work impaired?
• Can a doctor ethically participate in executions in prisons?
• The standard of care is defined as which of the following?
• In publishing or presenting research data, how should financial support be disclosed?
• Which court order requires a person to appear and testify in court?
• Which term refers to punishment after a crime is committed to discourage future offenses?
• Which doctrine applies to product liability where liability is based on the dangerous nature of the product, not the defendant's conduct?
• If your patient wants an abortion but you do not feel ethically comfortable performing it, what should you do?
• An advance directive allows a patient to specify who can make health care decisions if they become unable.
• Physicians are prohibited from accepting gifts from the industry that are geared to enhance the physician's income or merely for entertainment. This statement indicates gifts should not be accepted for what purposes?
• What is the name of the independent body that evaluates investigational protocols before implementation?
• Which statement describes the Institutional Review Board?
• Which theory is deontological and focuses on duty rather than consequences?
• A patient has the right to refuse medical treatment.
• What is a guardian that is judicially appointed called?
• What term is the written advance directive that outlines the care a patient would want if they lose the ability to communicate?
• In the context of tuberculosis control, where does incarceration occur?
• Which reason for seeking abortion is considered unethical?
• In medical education, when is practicing procedures on recently deceased patients considered permissible?
• Which principle justifies reporting a gunshot wound despite the patient's objections to support a criminal investigation?
• What is the recommended approach to HIV testing in pregnancy?
• Organ donation decisions are guided by which ethical principle?
• Under which doctrine is an employer held liable for the actions of an employee when the actions occur within the scope of employment?
• What are the exceptions to parent/guardian consent for a minor?
• Partner notification exists for which of the following diseases?
• Which illness is listed as always reportable?
• You have an elderly patient with progressive glaucoma whose driving is unsafe. What is your responsibility toward this patient?
• Which term means defamation conveyed by spoken words?
• Which statement is true regarding spousal consent for reproductive procedures?
• Organ and tissue donation is a voluntary event entirely at the discretion of the donor.
• In elder abuse cases, which agency handles the investigation instead of Child Protective Services?
• In a terminal patient with hepatic failure and imminent death, if family asks to start dialysis, what is the appropriate statement?
• Which term refers to a group of employees collectively achieving agreements with an employer?
• Beneficence is best defined as?
• Can you harvest the organs of someone who is brain-dead?
• What organization is designed to improve healthcare quality and manages voluntary accreditation programs for individual physicians and medical groups?
• Which principle applies when a patient requests an abortion but the physician objects on ethical grounds?
• What statute indicates that you must disclose any financial relationship you have with a product?
• When can confidentiality of HIV be breached?
• Defamation through writing, pictures, signs, or some other permanent physical form is known as?
• Which approach should be avoided because it conflicts with a patient’s autonomy and ignores their wishes while aiming to promote their best interest?
• Who chooses the health-care proxy?
• What type of action occurs when clinicians override the decision-making capabilities of a patient or surrogate decision-maker if their decisions are deemed unreasonable or dangerous?
• What are the two most common forms of advance directives?
• Which agency handles elder abuse investigations rather than Child Protective Services?
• What is the legal duty of a party in a lawsuit to substantiate an allegation?
• If an HIV-positive patient is emotionally unable or unwilling to notify their partners, what is the next step?
• In the context of lethal injections, which action is prohibited for the physician?
• A patient with mental illness may still understand medical procedures, illustrating that decision-making capacity is:
• Which brain death criterion is assessed using caloric stimulation with ice water?
• What happens in emergencies regarding consent when no parent is present?
• In malpractice, what does 'duty owed' refer to?
• What must you do to ensure informed refusal when a non-English speaking patient declines a recommended treatment after you explained the risks?
• What term describes payment to physicians that occurs when they are paid a contracted rate for each member assigned, regardless of services provided?
• Which ethical doctrine states that it is permissible to provide palliative therapy to relieve pain and suffering even if such treatment may hasten death, provided the intention is to relieve suffering?
• Partner notification exists for which disease among the following?
• In which trimester are abortions not freely available due to fetal viability?
• Can a study commence within an institution without IRB approval?
• Which term refers to a civil wrong other than a breach of contract?
• Which practice is described as assessing deviations in care and analyzing potential wrongdoing to reduce hospital litigation risk?
• Which reproductive service for minors typically does not require parental consent due to partial emancipation?
• Which payment model is described as paying a fixed amount per member per month regardless of services provided?
• What is the name for the durable power of attorney for health-care decisions?
• Before birth, how is the fetus regarded in terms of personhood?
• Which act establishes the physician-patient relationship triggering the duty to exercise reasonable care?
• What term refers to an obligation imposed by common law, statute, codes of professional conduct, or contract?
• Who is the only person allowed to make medical decisions for a minor?
• Which four principles make up the four-quadrant model used to guide ethical decisions in healthcare?
• Which statement reflects the idea that the thing speaks for itself in negligence, often used to shift the burden of proof?
• What does a health-care proxy do?
• If an HIV-positive pregnant patient is asked to accept antiretrovirals and a cesarean delivery and refuses, what should you do?
• Which statement accurately describes malpractice liability in relation to intent?
• Which term describes defamation that is published in written form?
• Which principle is primarily about avoiding harm to patients?
• In regards to impaired driving, all states require patients to report what type of disorders?
• What is the next best step in management when a child presents with burn marks on the back of his legs and the father claims a space heater incident?
• What court case created the concept of autonomy?
• In emergencies, what concept allows initiating therapy without explicit consent?
• What legal doctrine describes an employee who, while employed by one party, may be loaned to another so that the borrowing employer becomes responsible for the employee's actions?
• In medical malpractice, the duty to treat patients with reasonable diligence and competence is known as what?
• Who is a person who undertakes work for another while retaining control of the means, methods, and manner of producing the result?
• Are individuals legally obliged to donate organs or tissues if they are eligible?
• Which document alerts a defendant to a legal action and requests a response or appearance in court?
• If a member of a law enforcement agency comes to you with a subpoena or court order for patient information what do you do?
• Can a patient with mental illness still retain the right to refuse medical procedures?
• What is the primary aim of risk management in a hospital?
• Which principle emphasizes acting to benefit others and promote their welfare?
• Is spousal consent required for sterilization?
• If there is no clear advance directive and family disagreement, what is the recommended course of action?
• Is financial disclosure of all relevant sources required when publishing or presenting research data?
• The parental consent rule does not apply in what situation?
• In the surrogate decision-maker hierarchy, who comes after the spouse?
• Which interventions are typically restricted by a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order?
• Who determines a patient's competency and capacity?
• Under Good Samaritan protection, which statement is true?
• What option does a physician have if a patient with tuberculosis refuses antituberculosis therapy?
• If you make a medical error with a patient, do you need to disclose it to the patient?
• Which document is a written statement sworn before an official permitted to administer oaths?
• Do you have to report a physician that you know to be impaired?
• Which statement about sharing protected health information with another provider is accurate?